The aim of this work was to evaluate different transport times for pacama juvenile (Lophiosilurus alexandri) previously trained to feed formulated diets. Four hundred and eighty-six pacama juveniles (2.52±0.71g) were submitted to 24 hours of fasting before transport. The animals were divided into nine plastic bags, with density of 54 juveniles in 5L of clean water for each bag after that inflated with pure oxygen and then sealed. Fish were transported for three hours and bags were open at 5, 6 and 7.5 hours after closing. For each time three replications were used. Survival was monitored for 96 hours post-transport. The longest time tested showed the lowest values of dissolved oxygen and pH, while the total ammonia was similar in the different treatments. Survival was 100% for different transport times after 96 hours. Some juveniles returned to feed 48 hours and the majority 72 hours after opening the bags, suggesting the efficiency of transport made at different times.

Foram utilizadas 1200 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem Lohmann LSL, com 64 semanas, em gaiolas convencionais. Estas foram divididas em cinco grupos, de acordo com o nível de energia metabolizável aparente corrigida pelo nitrogênio (EMAn) presente em sua dieta: 2700kcal/kg; 2775kcal/kg; 2850kcal/kg; 2925kcal/kg; e 3000kcal/kg, com seis repetições. As aves receberam as rações, á base de milho e farelo de soja, por 16 semanas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, e as médias foram submetidas à regressão polinomial e ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O aumento de EMAn não exerceu efeito sobre a produção, a massa e o peso de ovos, bem como sobre o peso das aves e a viabilidade. O consumo de ração diminuiu de acordo com o aumento na energia da dieta, porém a conversão energética foi pior com esse aumento. Em contrapartida, a conversão alimentar melhorou o aumento dos níveis de EMAn. O consumo de EMAn é constante independentemente do seu nível dietético. Não há diferença nas unidades Haugh, nos sólidos da gema e na porcentagem dos componentes do ovo. O peso específico melhora com o aumento dos níveis de EMAn. Os níveis nutricionais para poedeiras velhas podem estar sendo superestimados.

A total of 1200 Lohmann LSL laying hens, with 64 weeks of age in conventional cages was used. These were divided into five groups according to the level of apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen retention (AMEn) present in the diet: 2700kcal/kg; 2775kcal/kg; 2850kcal/kg; 2925kcal/kg and 3000kcal/kg, with six replicates. The birds received the diets based on corn and soybean meal for 16 weeks. The experimental design was completely randomized and the means were submitted to polynomial regression and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The increased level of AMEn had no effect on production, egg mass and weight. There was no influence of AMEn on bird weight, egg weight and viability. Feed intake decreased with increasing levels, however, and the conversion of AMEn was worse with its increase, and in return feed conversion worsened with increasing consumption. AMEn is constant regardless of the level of the feed. There is no difference in Haugh units, yolk solids and percentage of egg components. The specific gravity improves with increasing levels of AMEn. The nutritional levels for older laying hens may be overestimated.

A maior parte dos estudos a respeito dos aspectos nutricionais do surubim está limitada às primeiras fases de desenvolvimento. Entretanto, é claro que o desempenho e a utilização dos nutrientes podem mudar durante os diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento destes animais. Assim sendo, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho e a utilização de nutrientes em juvenis de surubim alimentados com dietas contendo níveis variáveis de energia e proteína. Dois experimentos foram realizados para testar os diferentes níveis de proteína e energia. No primeiro experimento, juvenis de surubim (89,2±4,8g) foram alimentados com cinco dietas contendo níveis diferentes de energia (18.0, 18.8, 19.6, 20.5, 21.3MJ/kg). No segundo experimento, os juvenis (170,03±3,35g) foram alimentados com dietas contendo cinco níveis de proteína (360, 400, 440, 480 e 520g/kg). O melhor nível de energia para ganho de peso foi 20,3 MJ/kg. O aumento dos níveis de energia levou a um incremento nos níveis de lipídeo e diminuição da proteína corporal. Níveis de proteína entre 360 a 400g/kg foram os mais adequados para o desempenho e utilização dos nutrientes em juvenis grandes de surubim.

Most studies in nutrition for the South American catfish (surubim) were limited to the initial phase of development. However, it is clear that performance and nutrient utilization can change during the life stages of a fish. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance and nutrient utilization in juveniles of surubim fed diets varying in protein and energy levels. Two experiments were performed to test different levels of energy and protein in formulated diets. In the first experiment, surubim juveniles (89.2±4.8g) were fed five diets containing different levels of energy (18.0, 18.8, 19.6, 20.5, 21.3 MJ/kg). In the second experiment, juveniles (170.03±3.35g) were fed five diets containing different levels of protein (360, 400, 440, 480 and 520g/kg). The most favorable energy level for weight gain was 20.3 MJ/kg. The increasing energy levels provided a rise in fat and decrease in protein whole-body composition. The protein amount was between 360 to 400g/kg (383g/kg), which was adequate for performance and nutrient assimilation in surubim juveniles.

This work was conducted in the fish laboratory of the Environmental Station of Itutinga, CEMIG in January 2002. The objective was to evaluate the behavior of piracanjunba (Brycon orbignyanus) post-larvae at different stocking densities and feeding frequencies. The post-larvae were manteined into eighteen plastic rectangular-shaped boxes of 30 liters of volume. All the boxes posessed individual supply and flow of water with a constant renewal, and water temperature controlled (27ºC), trough a heating system of the sort utilized in thermal pools. The experimental treatments consisted of three stocking densities (10, 20 and 30 post-larvae/liter) and two feeding frequencies (every 3 and 6 hours). The design was completely randomized with the treatments arranged into a 3 x 2 factorial scheme (stocking density x feeding frequency) with three replicates per treatment. The results showed that the increase of stocking density reduced linearly the fish's survival. There were significant differences (p<0.05) among the feeding frequencies as to survival, feeding the post-larvae in intervals of 3 hours being better. There were no significant difference among the stocking densities and the feeding frequencies as to average weight and growth of the post-larvae (p<0.05). According to the results obtained, it follows that the highest survival was obtained from the density of 10 larvae/liter, fed every 3 hours.

Este trabajo fue desarrollado en el laboratorio de reproducción de peces de la Estación Ambiental de Itutinga, CEMIG, en enero de 2002. El objetivo fue evaluar el crecimiento y supervivencia de postlarvas de piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus), en diferentes densidades de siembra y frecuencias de alimentación. Las postlarvas fueron distribuidas en dieciocho cajas plásticas rectangulares con un volumen de 30 litros cada una. Todas las cajas con suministro y drenaje de agua individual, con renovación constante y temperatura del agua controlada (27ºC), a través de un sistema de calentamiento. Los tratamientos experimentales consistieron en tres densidades de siembra (10, 20 e 30 postlarvas/litro) y dos frecuencias de alimentación (de tres en tres horas y de seis en seis horas). El diseño fue completamente al azar con tratamientos en esquema factorial 3 x 2 (densidad de siembra x frecuencia de alimentación) con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron que el aumento de la densidad de siembra reduce linealmente la supervivencia de los peces. Se registró una diferencia significativa (p<0,05) entre las frecuencias de alimentación en relación con la supervivencia, siendo mejor alimentar las postlarvas en intervalos de tres en tres horas. Con relación al peso promedio y el crecimiento de las postlarvas, no hubo diferencia significativa entre las densidades de siembra y las frecuencias de alimentación (p>0,05). De acuerdo con los resultados, se concluye que la mejor supervivencia se obtiene con la densidad de 10 postlarvas/litro de piracanjuba, alimentadas de tres en tres horas.